Articles
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Articles:
The DNS Protocol - Part 1: Introduction
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Suggested Articles:
TCP - UDP Protocol Analysis
TCP Header Anaylsis - Section 1: TCP Source & Des…
This section contains one of the most well-known fields in the TCP header, the Source and Destination port numbers. These fields are used to specify…
Network Address Translation - NAT
Network Address Translation (NAT) Overload - Part…
NAT Overload is the most common NAT method used throughout all networks that connect to the Internet. This is because of the way it functions and the…
Subnetting
IP Subnetting - Part 5: Subnetting Guidelines
There is always that day when you are called upon to provide a solution to a network problem. The number of problems that can occur in a network are…
Network Protocols
File Transfer Protocol - FTP
File transfer is among the most frequently used TCP/IP applications and it accounts for a lot of the network traffic on the Internet. Various standar…
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Netflow Articles:
Bandwidth Detective: Uncover Hidden Traffic and E…
In this article, we explore the core principles of bandwidth management and examine how modern network monitoring technologies can assist in maintain…
ML-Based Security Analytics in NetFlow Analyzer…
This article explores how machine learning (ML) and network flow telemetry can be used to establish behavioral baselines, detect anomalous asset acti…
Complete Guide to Netflow: How Netflow & its Comp…
This article will cover the basics of Netflow, including its use cases, Netflow supported devices, Netflow history, and variants. We’ll also dive int…
Netflow vs SNMP. Two Different Approaches to Netw…
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) and Netflow are both popular protocols with admins, prized for their ability to give visibility over the ne…
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VLAN Networks
VLANs - Access & Trunk Links
If you've read our previous article The VLAN Concept - Introduction to VLANs then you should feel comfortable with terms such as 'VLAN', 'Stati…
VLAN Networks
InterVLAN Routing - Routing between VLAN Networks
This article deals with the popular topic of InterVLAN routing, which is used to allow routing & communication between VLAN networks. Our article anal…
VLAN Networks
VTP Pruning
VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol) pruning is a feature that is used in Cisco switches to reduce unnecessary traffic in VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) trunks…
VLAN Networks
VLAN InterSwitch Link (ISL) Protocol Analysis
Deciding whether to use ISL or IEEE 802.1q to power your trunk links can be quite confusing if you cannot identify the advantages and disadvantages of eac…
Routing
OSPF - Part 5: Analysis of OSPF Link State Update (LSU…
This article explains how OSPF uses Link State Advertisement (LSA) to exchange information about the network topology between routers. When a router recei…
Routing
Routed Protocols
We all understand that TCP/IP, IPX-SPX are protocols which are used in a Local Area Network (LAN) so computers can communicate between with each other and…
Routing
Distance Vector Routing Protocols
Distance Vector routing protocols use frequent broadcasts (255.255.255.255 or FF:FF:FF:FF) of their entire routing table every 30 sec. on all their interf…
Routing
OSPF - Part 2: How OSPF Protocol Works & Basic Concept…
This article covers basic OSPF concepts and operation. We explain how OSPF works, how OSPF tables are built on an OSPF-enabled router and their purpose (N…
Virtualization & VM Backup
World Backup Day with Free Amazon Voucher and Prizes f…
Celebrate World Backup Day and WIN with Altaro!
We all remember how grateful we were to have backup software when facing so many data loss mishaps and n…
Windows Servers
How to Enable & Configure Shadow Copy for Shared Folde…
When you shadow copy a disk volume, you are actually generating a snapshot of the changes made to the folders and files within the disk volume at a certai…
SASE & SD-WAN Networks
WAN Optimization vs SD WAN Networks. Today’s Challenge…
Enterprises have been successfully running WAN optimization appliances at their many distributed sites for years. The devices have done a good job of help…
Cisco Routers
How To Configure ISDN Internet Dialup On A Cisco Router
Some time ago, when broadband and ADSL wasn't available, analog and digital (ISDN) modems were the only way to connect to the Internet. Even though today…





